Abstract
Background
The role of mastication on gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is unknown.
Aims
To assess whether reduced masticatory function predicts GERD and esophageal dysphagia
in patients investigated with upper endoscopy.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 179 adult patients referred for elective upper gastrointestinal
endoscopy agreed to participate. Before endoscopy, an expert dentist performed an
oral examination and scored chewing function in three levels (normal, regular, and
reduced). Patients replied questionnaires for assessment of GERD (heartburn, regurgitation,
and dysphagia), xerostomia, and mastication (normal, regular, and reduced). Poor chewing
was defined when either oral examination or mastication questionnaire rated the chewing
function as reduced. Associations of mastication with GERD and dysphagia were estimated
using Poisson regression.
Results
Eleven patients were excluded. Among 168 analyzed (aging 49.8 ± 15.5 years; 58.9%
women), 46 had reduced masticatory function (27.4%), and 122 had regular/normal mastication
(72.6%). Reduced mastication was associated with GERD [PR = 1.38 (95%CI 1.12 – 1.70)],
adjusting for age, and with esophageal dysphagia [PR = 2.03 (95%CI 1.02 – 4.04)],
adjusting for age and xerostomia.
Conclusions
In outpatients referred for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, reduced masticatory
function defined by an expert dentist may be a risk factor for GERD and esophageal
dysphagia.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 11, 2021
Accepted:
September 14,
2021
Received:
July 28,
2021
Identification
Copyright
© 2021 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
