Abstract
Background
Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with substantial cardiometabolic
morbidity.
Aims
We evaluated the long-term extrahepatic complications of NAFLD and sought to evaluate
NAFLD in non-obese subjects.
Methods
A total of 2920 participants were retrospectively selected from a health check-up
center in 2000, and followed through to December 2010. NAFLD was diagnosed using ultrasonography.
Subjects were stratified according to body mass index, NAFLD, and metabolic syndrome.
Results
The prevalence of non-obese NAFLD subjects and metabolically unhealthy non-obese subjects
was 14.4% and 8.7%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, non-obese NAFLD subjects
had a significantly higher risk for diabetes mellitus (DM; HR 2.69, 95% CI 1.72–4.20,
P < 0.001); no increase was observed for hypertension or cardiovascular disease. Metabolically
unhealthy non-obese subjects had a significantly higher risk for hypertension (HR
2.75, 95% CI 2.02–3.74, P < 0.001), DM (HR 5.72, 95% CI 3.68–8.89, P < 0.001), and cardiovascular disease (HR 2.93, 95% CI 1.53–5.63, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis of non-obese subjects showed that NAFLD, without metabolic
syndrome, conferred a higher risk for DM (HR 3.60, 95% CI 2.03–6.39, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
Non-obese subjects with NAFLD are at a higher risk for DM independent of metabolic
syndrome.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 27, 2017
Accepted:
December 14,
2017
Received in revised form:
December 11,
2017
Received:
June 30,
2017
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
